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CPI Much Hotter Than Expected Led by a Surge in Price of Food and Shelter

CPI Data from BLS, chart by Mish

The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) was unchanged in September on a seasonally adjusted basis after rising 1.3 percent in June, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the last 12 months, the all items index increased 8.5 percent before seasonal adjustment.

Key Points

  • The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) rose 0.4 percent in September on a seasonally adjusted basis after rising 0.1 percent in August.
  • Over the last 12 months, the all items index increased 8.2 percent before seasonal adjustment.
  • Increases in the shelter, food, and medical care indexes were the largest of many contributors to the monthly seasonally adjusted all items increase. 
  • The food index continued to rise, increasing 0.8 percent over the month as the food at home index rose 0.7 percent. 
  • The energy index fell 2.1 percent over the month as the gasoline index declined 4.9 percent but the natural gas and electricity indexes increased. 
  • The index for all items less food and energy rose 0.6 percent in September, as it did in August. 
  • The indexes for shelter, medical care, motor vehicle insurance, new vehicles, household furnishings and operations, and education increased over the month.
  • The indexes for used cars and trucks, apparel, and communication declined.

Bloomberg Econoday Consensus 

Economists at Bloomberg Econoday expected a 0.2 percent overall rise, and a 0.4 percent rise excluding food and energy. 

The Econoday consensus missed the mark badly vs a 0.4 percent overall rise and a 0.6 percent rise excluding food and energy.

CPI Year-Over-Year 

CPI year-over-year  data from BLS, chart by Mish.

CPI Year-Over-Year Details 

  • CPI: 8.2 Percent
  • Rent of Primary Residence: 7.2 Percent
  • CPI Less Food and Energy: 6.6 Percent
  • OER: 6.7 Percent
  • Shelter: 6.6 Percent
  • Medical Care Services: 6.5%

Year-over-year the CPI is decelerating but all of that is due to energy. Inflation in the other five components is accelerating. 

Food (not shown) is up 10.8% year-over-year. It hit a year-over-year high last month of 10.9%.

CPI Energy

CPI energy data from BLS, chart by Mish.

Energy is the only bright spot in the CPI, as gasoline declined 7.7 percent in July, 10.6 percent in August, and another 4.9 percent in September. 

However, the composite energy index was down a modest 2.1 percent in September because natural gas rose 2.9 percent and the cost of electricity rose 0.4 percent.

Expect a CPI Energy Surge in October Due to Rising Gasoline Prices

Things do not look good looking ahead. Gasoline fell in September but October will be another matter.

As noted on October 9, I Expect a CPI Energy Surge in October Due to Rising Gasoline Prices

An Inflationary Quagmire 

President Biden’s policies do not at all help, nor do actions in the state of California.

Please note the Inflationary Quagmire of US and EU Climate Change Hypocrisy

And in case you missed it, California Accuses Valero of Oil Price Gouging, Valero’s Response is Amusing

Finally, please consider The Biden Oil Fiasco Continues With Export Control Threats

Looking Ahead

If rent prices jump again in October, look for further acceleration in the CPI because energy is poised for another surge.

Shelter is over 32 percent of the CPI.

This post originated at MishTalk.Com.

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68 Comments
Newest
Oldest Most Voted
Christoball
Christoball
3 years ago
One thing that needs to be considered in all the calculus is that inflation is not simple inflation; but is in fact compound inflation.
vanderlyn
vanderlyn
3 years ago
jobs are plentiful and inflation is raging. this ain’t a recession, folks. fed is gonna keep hiking for a long time until they bring inflation down. jobs will be plentiful for decades due to demographic croaking of ww2 baby boomers………..and retiring of late boomers………money supply still strong. see st louis fed and shadowstats.
JRM
JRM
3 years ago
Reply to  vanderlyn
The facts is people are not “RETIRING” in the numbers you are “BUYING” and trying to “SELL”!!!
More are re-entering the job market, after “RETIRING”!!!!
vanderlyn
vanderlyn
3 years ago
Reply to  JRM
so you are saying more boomers are entering workforce than leaving? not a shot in hell. btw i think it’s wonderful we have a tight labor market. we only have one half of misery index. inflation. imagine high unemployment, too. there are no signs of economy slowing. we have the inflation without the stag part of stagflation.
Salmo Trutta
Salmo Trutta
3 years ago
The injection of new money was the biggest mistake that’s ever happened since the Federal Reserve System was established in 1913. To get an idea, you have to look at the old “Total Checkable Deposits” time series. I.e., “means-of-payment” money, its spike was unparalleled (money which was used to calculate legal reserves, those reserves which were driven by payments).
We’ll have negative real rates of interest for a long time. And high inflation is not going away. The progress, deceleration, the market sees is delusional. There’s likely to be a significant drop in the 4th qtr., but then inflation gets very stubborn.
Latest gDp estimate: 2.9 percent — October 7, 2022
Captain Ahab
Captain Ahab
3 years ago
Reply to  Salmo Trutta
The ‘biggest mistake’ and greatest theft of wealth from savers…
worleyeoe
worleyeoe
3 years ago
Reply to  Captain Ahab
“We’ll have negative real rates of interest for a long time.”
Exactly, because we’re in the midst of this great conversion over to clean energy that’s not going to be cheap. In addition, we’re now policy constrained by our massively increasing national debt, which together will collide into increased inflation over time.
And how in the hell can anyone justify putting money in the market today, pushing the Dow up 827 pts, with core PCE inflation (i.e., the one that sets Fed dot plot policy) jumping up to 6.6%?
JRM
JRM
3 years ago
Reply to  worleyeoe
It is called the PLUNGE PROTECTION TEAM!!!!
Trying to keep the “ILLUSIONS of GOOD TIMES”!!!!
DEAD BUMP!!!
CRS65
CRS65
3 years ago
The article’s MoM chart clearly shows that MoM headline CPI materially dropped beginning in July. Even with September’s higher than expected 0.4 MoM reading was the fourth lowest MoM CPI in the last twelve months, with two of the three lower months occurring since July 2022. In fact, the last three months of MoM CPI releases produced an average MoM CPI of 0.17 compared to an average of 0.84 during the nine month period ending June 2022. The intense focus on talking about and reporting on the YoY CPI number creates a very misleading narrative that completely misses the significant sharp drop in inflation since July.
MarkraD
MarkraD
3 years ago
Reply to  CRS65
My thoughts as well, CPI is flattening and the Fed knows rate moves are residual, knee jerk reactions are a way to create a reverse problem down the road.
I’d be VERY relieved to see Congress or the Executive looking at Supply solutions.
CRS65
CRS65
3 years ago
Reply to  MarkraD
If you mean by flattening that MoM CPI is running at an annualized rate near the 2% target or under, you would be right. If you mean by flattening that the YoY rate is not rising or falling in any material way, that is just a matter of the passing of time which will lead to the abnormally high months between Oct 2021 and June 2022 dropping out of the equation. At that time it will be reported that inflation has come down when in fact those high months of inflation were not reversed, they simply fell out of the 12 month data set.
MarkraD
MarkraD
3 years ago
Reply to  CRS65
YoY since the July high is falling, very gradually…. if CPI had gone up over last month, I’d have worried about the Fed hiking.
My point is that the Fed factors long term, an over-reaction now could become a reverse problem in a six months or a year and energy/food prices are currently affected by the Ukraine situation, which, I suspect, may not be as long term as some believe.
The internet knee-jerk reactions about more Fed hikes are good contrarian advice, today the market itself seems to be breathing a sigh of relief, factoring no immediate Fed hike.
JRM
JRM
3 years ago
Reply to  MarkraD
They are giving that illusion, by moving all the ships miles off the ports!!!!
MarkraD
MarkraD
3 years ago
Reply to  JRM
I don’t know what you’re talking about, I suspect you don’t either.
MarkraD
MarkraD
3 years ago
CPI –
June – 9.1
July – 8.5
August 8.3
September 8.2
Where Fed actions are residual, I’m not losing sleep here, looks like we’re levelling, gradually dropping since the Spring/Summer’s YoY surge.
Factoring oil/energy as a result of the Ukraine conflict and OPEC, I’m guessing the Fed gives it some breathing room.
worleyeoe
worleyeoe
3 years ago
Reply to  MarkraD
Core PCE inflation, the one that sets the Fed dot plot, jumped to 6.6%. How can anyone say this is good, gives them breathing room, or suggests a pivot is around the corner?
The stock market, like the housing market, like the labor market makes zero sense right now. Zilch!
MarkraD
MarkraD
3 years ago
Reply to  worleyeoe
Estimates were 6.5, my take is that the Fed has been aggressive this year, they’re forward looking, the Russia / Ukraine thing seems to be evolving fast, and not in ways we thought just a few months ago. Headlines about Russia evacuating Kherson today is a big deal.
If the Russia/Ukraine conflict comes to an end, the Fed might have to pivot after this year’s aggressive hikes, granted I don’t know that oil prices will come down fast, but markets are forward looking and the biggest money has the best view.
worleyeoe
worleyeoe
3 years ago
Reply to  MarkraD
Jamie Dimon came out this week and declared we’ll be in a recession in 6-9 months. That’s forward looking, right?
Actually, the real answer is nothing more than big hedge funds running their numbers and along with retail investors they’re creating a short-term buying opportunity to cut into some of this year’s 20% loses.
There’s a lot of money to be made in the market’s volatility. But, you have to have the quants & balls to make it work. Me personally, I’ll be on the sidelines until we either start getting real job loses or it becomes apparent that by some miracle the Fed engineered a soft landing.
MarkraD
MarkraD
3 years ago
Reply to  worleyeoe
“Jamie Dimon came out this week and declared we’ll be in a recession in 6-9 months. That’s forward looking, right?”
Yes, and also, the market itself is forward looking, it falls before, rises before, I was hedging back in 2021 after the RUT started to flatten, the COVD rebound was far too rapid.
“There’s a lot of money to be made in the market’s volatility. But, you have to have the quants & balls to make it work.”
Yes there is, I’m doing well this year, but by “well” I don’t mean betting my net worth, just trusting my own sense and using a little contrarian wisdom with the Doom n’ Gloom blogs.
JRM
JRM
3 years ago
Reply to  MarkraD
Civilians are being ordered out not the Russian/Local forces, due to the daily missile barrages by Ukrainian forces!!!
Russia is on offense all along the front retaking many of the “LIBERATED” villages..
How about all those millions of Ukrainian fleeing Ukraine in the last few days, that the West MSM refuses to report on, even though the videos are viral out there!!!
MarkraD
MarkraD
3 years ago
Reply to  JRM
Ahh, yes, so, like Kharkiv a few weeks ago then.
PapaDave
PapaDave
3 years ago
Food and energy will keep CPI higher than desired. The recent drop in energy prices was a temporary respite due to recent one time supply increases from OPEC (+6.5 Mbpd) over the last year, US producers (+2.1Mbpd), and SPR releases (+1mbpd).
OPEC is now tapped out and will be cutting 0.8 Mbpd starting in November. US producers are almost tapped out and might be able to add around 0.3 Mbpd. SPR releases of 1Mbpd will end shortly. And Russian production is in a long slow decline (1.2 Mbpd so far).
Inventory declines are about to accelerate. There will be a lot if upward pressure on prices in 2023. Which will show up in CPI next year.
hmk
hmk
3 years ago
Reply to  PapaDave
One big contributing factor is cost push inflation that won’t quit. Increasing wage costs will contribute to inflation as businss’s need to raise prices to compensate for increase costs. Don’t worry though, once the full force and fury of Brandons inflation reducion act kicks in look out below. Prices will drop like a rock, just wait and see.
PapaDave
PapaDave
3 years ago
Reply to  hmk
There is one aspect to the inflation reduction act that I am interested in: green
hydrogen subsidies. I am beginning to take some small positions in hydrogen companies. Still early days though.
Now that you have seen this act, how is it influencing your outlook, and what are you investing in?
Or are you just another one of the many people on this site who are too busy complaining, instead of using their time wisely to invest?
hmk
hmk
3 years ago
Reply to  PapaDave
I have a list of green energy companies Barrons did an article some time back. I forgot the company name offhand but its I think a european company that facitlitates green hydrogen. Haven’t checked its preformance yet I am hiding in 3 months treasuries for now.
PapaDave
PapaDave
3 years ago
Reply to  hmk

It is always good to do some research before investing your hard earned money. I have small positions in PLUG and BLDP and a few others.

Counter
Counter
3 years ago
So market bounce logic is CPI hot so no rate hikes? Alrighty then
MPO45
MPO45
3 years ago
Reply to  Counter
This is what makes a market. There are people out there thinking “stocks have fallen enough, I’m getting in to profit” and others are thinking “what a bunch of suckers, the market has more to fall” and here we are….
When the Fed hikes there will be another sell off….. it is predictable enough right now to make boat loads of money selling naked puts and covered calls or straight out calls and puts.
Doug78
Doug78
3 years ago

Starting at December 2021 all hell broke loose with sector volatilities
all over the place. This looks like a knot in the trend brought on by the 2020
collapse in services and followed by a surge in goods followed by a surge in
services and goods followed by exhaustion in both. What a ride! We live in
exciting times. The globalization period of the 1990’s till 2008 were so boring
by comparison and was like watching paint dry.

A period of disorganization is always followed by a period
of reorganization, consolidation with the corresponding lessening of volatility
and this period will be pass as have the others. Peak inflation is still a ways
away but will probably not be double-digit. If the Fed holds the course
eventually inflation will subside and bonds will be yielding the 2-3% real
rates which historically going back centuries of capitalism is what the average
return was. If we get there then the Fed will have done its job and I will applaud
them, give them prizes and someone will write books about them not to mention a
few statues here and there as well but they have to keep their collective noses the wheel first.

MPO45
MPO45
3 years ago
Things do not look good looking ahead. Gasoline fell in September but October will be another matter.
Saudi Arabia was warning that if China ends lockdowns and come back online there is no surplus oil anywhere….
Glad I bought more T-bills this week, expect better yields in 4, 8, and 13 weeks from now. Also loaded up on more PUTS during this “rally” and will do it again. Things are starting to shape up into a global depression not recession but we’ll see.
RonJ
RonJ
3 years ago
Reply to  MPO45
“Saudi Arabia was warning that if China ends lockdowns and come back online there is no surplus oil anywhere….”
Supposedly though, China intends to continue Covid lockdowns. It’s what they do.
Tony Bennett
Tony Bennett
3 years ago
Another day another high (since 2008) on average 30 year mortgage.
7.20%
Sure sure … that’ll work at current price levels.
MPO45
MPO45
3 years ago
Reply to  Tony Bennett
I have puts on Lennar, DR Horton, and XHB. Toll Brothers, I’m looking at you and licking my chops.
MarkraD
MarkraD
3 years ago
Reply to  MPO45
Smart, new homes sales – the first casualty of higher rates.
killben
killben
3 years ago
Market seems to be enjoying it !!
Bam_Man
Bam_Man
3 years ago
S&P 150 points off the morning low.
Sensing an increased possibility of hyper-inflation, perhaps?
Tony Bennett
Tony Bennett
3 years ago
Reply to  Bam_Man

C’mon … you know better.Massive debt overhang + negative real earnings = something else

Bam_Man
Bam_Man
3 years ago
Reply to  Tony Bennett
Massively negative real interest rates are a symptom of hyperinflation.
In a debt deflation scenario, earnings disappear and the debt remains, albeit at low nominal interest rates.
Tony Bennett
Tony Bennett
3 years ago
Reply to  Bam_Man
Get back to me in 2023 – when the credit loss tsunami arrives – with your hyperinflation notion.
Maximus_Minimus
Maximus_Minimus
3 years ago
Reply to  Bam_Man
WS algos code is simple: when bad news, buy. Recently, was fool proof.
They haven’t been re-programmed, yet.
Karlmarx
Karlmarx
3 years ago
also …. I wonder what the GDPNow expectations were. Me thinks that this will counter much of that recent jump. Its easy to grow nominal GDP.
Karlmarx
Karlmarx
3 years ago
Yup – energy will really start to pop once Biden clears out the SPR. Could be even worse if he decides to start filling it up again after the elections.
TexasTim65
TexasTim65
3 years ago
Reply to  Karlmarx
Right about now the Democrats decision to block Trump from filling the SPR when oil prices crashed into negative territory are looking VERY short sighted. A lot of oil could have been bought for literally nothing at that time.
MarkraD
MarkraD
3 years ago
Reply to  TexasTim65
A huge freaking mistake, yes.
At $12 I got in. especially when Zero Hedge commenters were screaming oil was going down more, and Putin was going to keep it there “forever”.
Tony Bennett
Tony Bennett
3 years ago
BLS in conjunction with cpi issues a real earnings report:
Real average hourly earnings decreased 3.0 percent, seasonally adjusted, from September 2021 to
September 2022. The change in real average hourly earnings combined with a decrease of 0.9 percent in
the average workweek resulted in a 3.8-percent decrease in real average weekly earnings over this
period.
Bam_Man
Bam_Man
3 years ago
Reply to  Tony Bennett
Nice.
TexasTim65
TexasTim65
3 years ago
Reply to  Tony Bennett
I don’t see how that can last. Even if CPI just stagnates (as you posited above) over the next year, it means the average person is able to get less than ever for their money. At some point, union contracts that typically run for several years are going to be up and it will either be strike or pay increases WAY above 3% to make up for the last couple of years. Plus of course even non-workers not going to stay for just 3% either and will be jumping jobs for more money.
In other words, wage demands are going to put upward pressure on things.
Tony Bennett
Tony Bennett
3 years ago
Reply to  TexasTim65
Business is DRIVEN by the Profit and Loss Statement. When margins get tight – and they are – the last thing a business will do is raise wages.
More likely what Intel announced yesterday —> Layoff of 20% of workforce.
MPO45
MPO45
3 years ago
Reply to  Tony Bennett
No one has mentioned that rail strikes are back on the table and may be coming in November. Exciting times.
Tony Bennett
Tony Bennett
3 years ago
David Rosenberg:
“Our models show headline inflation slicing below 3% in the next 12 months, from over 8% today,” Rosenberg said. “But by then it’s going to be too late to save the economy, and I would posit that the Fed has already done the overkill as is.”
On my island of one I expect to see year over year negative print(s) on cpi in 2023. Before you roast let me clarify … they’ll be negligible and price levels still high.
When economy falls off the cliff – it hasn’t yet – you’ll see.
CRS65
CRS65
3 years ago
Reply to  Tony Bennett
If MoM stays in the same range that it has been since July (0.0 to 0.4), YoY headline inflation falling into the 2-3% range by next summer is simply a matter of arithmetic, not any particular policy action. This is what the consensus narrative that has been built around inflation by the Fed, media and many economists are missing.
Tony Bennett
Tony Bennett
3 years ago
Whiskey at home down 1.4% (month over month) … I’ll take a victory when possible …
edit: yes, indeed … “whiskey at home” a category.
Maximus_Minimus
Maximus_Minimus
3 years ago
Reply to  Tony Bennett
Those who cannot dream of buying a home, can still buy a bottle of whiskey.
Good job bean counters, and good catch.
TexasTim65
TexasTim65
3 years ago
Clearly a big win for the homeless guy living under the bridge as his Whiskey just got cheaper so he doesn’t have to beg as long for money to afford it.
TexasTim65
TexasTim65
3 years ago
After this report I-Bonds still going to pay ~7% for the next 6 months. Many were suggesting it would be a lot lower because the CPI would be low but clearly it’s not and I-Bonds continue to be a great investment.
The report also shows inflation has entered every sector now too since energy declined but everything else rose. A lot of those other sectors rising will have been due to wage adjustments. It’s going to be a game of whac-a-mole now for the Fed trying to tamp down the inflation monster because as soon as one sector gets tamed (energy) others will rise and continue the cycle.
shamrock
shamrock
3 years ago
Reply to  TexasTim65
6.2%, maybe a touch higher. The monthly CPI-U increases for the last 6 months are 0.3,1.0,1.3,0.0,0.1,and 0.4, which adds up to 3.1 total. I-bonds will pay the annual rate for those 6 months which is 6.2-6.3%.
MPO45
MPO45
3 years ago
Reply to  TexasTim65
You can still get 9.6% for 6 months if you buy before end of October. I-Bonds still a great deal for spare cash even at 7%.
Dean2020
Dean2020
3 years ago
Wondering what will happen once the strategic petroleum reserves gets closer to zero. They have been drawn down at record pace and post election prices seem destined to soar. This administration is holding everything together with scotch tape.
prumbly
prumbly
3 years ago
Highest inflation in 40 years. What will our Vegetable-in-Chief do about this?
WTFUSA
WTFUSA
3 years ago
Reply to  prumbly
Biden replies, “TWO WORDS! Not a thing.”
Christoball
Christoball
3 years ago
I am inclined to expect an emergency Fed meeting before November to raise rates.
Rygon64
Rygon64
3 years ago
Reply to  Christoball
Wrong. The Fed wants high inflation to help the government inflate away their enormous debt and liabilities. They new exactly what they were doing when they paid people more to stay home during the pandemic than their jobs would pay. Why do you think they kept saying inflation was transitory as it surged higher in 2021. Inflation hurts the average American citizen as it digs the government out of an enormous hole. That’s why inflation will continue for quite some time.
RyanL
RyanL
3 years ago
Reply to  Rygon64
The fed didn’t pay people to stay home. You can thank the morons in Congress, blue state governors, and the potato who all thought imprisoning people in their homes while printing so much money that their incomes were higher than when they were actually working was a good idea.
Between our current presidential potato and the previous talking yam we have really shattered the global economy over covid policies that did absolutely nothing positive.
And yet the Dow is up 600 today. It’s hard to know what to make of it.
MarkraD
MarkraD
3 years ago
Reply to  RyanL
LOL @ potato and Yam.
“And yet the Dow is up 600 today. It’s hard to know what to make of it.”
My guess, institutional investors see the mild drop in MoM CPI as the Fed, maybe, going to wait and see.
There’s also adage to the stimulus meme, in 2020 a huge amount of money was thrown around, it may still be in play.
Christoball
Christoball
3 years ago
Reply to  Rygon64
As a whole there is no inflating out of anything. Certainly individuals can but not complete economies. Social Security is set to raise benefits by 8.7%. All government contracts are going to be adjusted upwards for inflation. Higher borrowing costs will be cheaper than inflation.
Rygon64
Rygon64
3 years ago
Reply to  Christoball
According to shadow stats inflation is really double what we are being told. They changed the way the measure it compared to the past. So that social security increase was really a net really loss of 8% of buying power.
vanderlyn
vanderlyn
3 years ago
Reply to  Rygon64
that is correct. and look at money supply. inflation is gonna be around for a few more years. let’s just hope not a decade. we are all worse off. does not matter who you are.
MarkraD
MarkraD
3 years ago
Reply to  Rygon64
“They new exactly what they were doing when they paid people more to stay home during the pandemic than their jobs would pay.”
This was Trump, serial bankrupter, not so sure the consequences were of any consideration.

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