Despite Rising Bond Yields the Yield Curve is Still Flattening

Yield curve data from US Treasury, chart by Mish

The above chart shows yield curve spreads over time. That means the difference between yields of two different duration.

A flattening of the yield curve is a recession warning. 

The three-minus-one spread has been rising, but that is the portion of the curve most sensitive to rate hikes. 

US Treasury Yields 

US Treasury yields, chart courtesy of StockCharts.Com, annotations by Mish.

The top square box shows what a truly flat or inverted curve looks like. Inverted means longer durations have a lower yield than shorter durations. That is a strong recession signal.

Current Spreads

Interest rate data from US Treasury, chart by Mish

2-10 Spread

Economists like to watch the 2-10 spread because that is one of the most reliable recession indicators.

Seemingly, inversions are far away, but that is mostly an illusion.

The 2-10 spread has been sinking like a rock. That spread was 1.58 percentage points on March 19, 2021 as shown in the lead chart. It’s now down to 0.61 percentage points.

If the Fed gets in as little as two hikes, the 2-10 spread will invert as it typically does before a recession. 

Of course, the 10-year yields may keep rising, but the problem is 2-year yields have risen faster. 

And if the 10-year yield drops, which is likely on any bad economic data, then we could easily see an inversion as soon as March when the Fed is first expected to hike.

Pondering the Stunning Growth In Rate Hike Bets and Predictions

On January 29, I was Pondering the Stunning Growth In Rate Hike Bets and Predictions

Projection Synopsis

  • Bank of America amazingly projects 7 hikes, one at every meeting in 2022 plus 4 more in 2023. That would put the Fed Funds Rate at 2.75% to 3.00% at the end of 2023.
  • BNPP projects 6 this year and 3 more in 2023. That would put the Fed Funds Rate at 2.25% to 2.50% at the end of 2023.
  • Deutsche Bank and Wells Fargo project 5 this year and 3 more in 2023. That would put the Fed Funds Rate at 2.0% to 2.25% at the end of 2023.
  • Barclays and UBS project 3 this year with no forecast for 2023.

11 hikes in less that two years would practically guarantee the biggest inversion in history and accompanied by a massive recession to boot. 

Strongly Leaning Towards Recession

For those who may have missed my January 29, 2022 post, I repeat my stance: With Nearly Everyone Looking the Other Way, It’s Time to Discuss Recession

The faster the Fed hikes and removes QE liquidity, the faster we will be in recession. Three hikes in the next three meetings might easily be sufficient.

This post originally appeared at MishTalk.Com

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Scooot
Scooot
2 years ago
It’s flattening purely as a function of expected rate hikes, the short end naturally rising more than the long end, rather than any predictive powers. However, once the curve inverts because of this, it then becomes costly to fund long bonds with short dated finance so you need to be quite bullish to warrant doing so. As no one appears to be buying them for their low yield to maturity, and only capital gain, I guess we can expect a lot of volatility once the Fed ceases buying them and the market attempts to discover a true price. That is until the Fed steps in again 🙂
Eddie_T
Eddie_T
2 years ago
The long end of the bond curve has been replaced by AAPL. 
KidHorn
KidHorn
2 years ago
Can be explained by investors guessing interest rates may go up for a year or two, but then the FED will cut down close to 0 again.
Yield curves are not good predictors of recessions any more. They were 20+ years ago when interest rates were set by supply and demand for money, but now they’re set by CB actions.
JeffD
JeffD
2 years ago
The problem is that the long bonds are at least 3% below where they should be. All the economists and traders who “get” inflation were gone from the financial world over two decades ago. This inversion means nothing, because it is not based on rational trading.
JeffD
JeffD
2 years ago
Reply to  JeffD
In 2007, the US marketable debt per live birth was $1.2 million. In 2020, it was $6.2 million. In 2021, it was $8.5 million.  In what universe does a 2% 30 year Treasury make sense in light of that math?
kiers
kiers
2 years ago
It seems like an even MORE devastating signal that yield curve is flattening during inflation and negative real rates!  NIRP!  (I know nobody buys bonds for the “income” anymore…they are repo currency, and plays on even more rate cuts), but what a negative indicator we are seeing!  Our central bank is running a propaganda campaign.
Misc
Misc
2 years ago
Interest rate hikes are but one factor. Last year the federal government spent about $2.3 trillion (about 10% of GDP) on Covid relief measures. That spending is not there this year. Unless the progressives get their social spending wish list approved there will be huge demand destruction unless the private sector withdraws a huge amount from savings.
War spending could fix that too, but who would do that?
SAKMAN1
SAKMAN1
2 years ago
Reply to  Misc
Error
Six000mileyear
Six000mileyear
2 years ago
Yields inversion provides banks risk free money to offset duration mismatch losses in their portfolios as interest rates increase.
Bam_Man
Bam_Man
2 years ago
Because of extreme over-indebtedness, the short end can never get beyond 2.00% without inducing a massive recession.
Term structure dictates that longer-term yields are the expected average of short-term yields, over that period of duration.
Thus, the flattening we are now seeing and eventual (temporary) inversion.

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