I did not expect National Rally to win a majority, but nor did I expect a third place finish. This is a terrible outcome for both Macron and France.
The Guardian reports Exit Poll Shows Shock Win for Left-Green Alliance
The polls are closed in France and the first projections have been published.
France’s national assembly has 577 seats, with 289 seats needed for an absolute majority.
Here is the first projected seat distribution, from Ipsos. It shows the left in the lead, in a major shift compared to opinion polls during the campaign.
Left-green New Popular Front: 172-192 seats
Emmanuel Macron’s allies: 150-170 seats
Far right National Rally and allies: 132-152 seats
What Happened?
The short answer is the center and left colluded to stop the right, as normally happens.
The long answer is France has a two-stage election where any party that gets 12.5 percent of the vote makes it to round two unless someone wins an outright majority in round one.
As typical in France, all but the lead or second place party drop out of the election so the Right faces a single opposition candidate.
Success for Macron?
This was no victory for Macron who called snap elections. Macron’s Ensemble coalition currently has 249 members of the National Assembly.
After this “win” Ensemble will have 150-170 seats.
Macron will come to regret the elections.
I discussed this in advance so all I have to do is copy what I said on June 30: President Macron’s Party Blown Out in First Round of French Parliament Elections
Given Marine Le Pen’s priority is to become the next president of France, National Rally will be in a better position if it falls short and Jordan Bardella is not the next prime minister.
Debt brakes explain why.
The EU has launched an Excessive Debt Proceeding against France.
In addition to the Excessive Debt Proceedings against many countries, every EU county has defense spending issues, climate spending issues, and demographic issues.
Be Careful of What You Wish
If National Rally achieves an outright majority, Jordan Bardella will emerge as Prime Minister.
Then what? The EU will immediately enforce debt and deficit rules it let France ignore for decades.
Debt Proceedings
Please note the EU Rebukes France, Italy and Others Over Excessive Debt.
The assessments of the 27 EU states’ budgets and economies will be published by the European Commission on Wednesday, with France, Italy and Belgium among the member states to be reprimanded over their accumulated excessive new debt.
The Commission said it was satisfied that “the opening of a deficit-based excessive deficit procedure is warranted” in the case of seven countries. The group also included Hungary, Malta, Poland and Slovakia.
The EU suspended debt and deficit regulations to help countries cope with the economic fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
The rules are now back in place and now any EU country going over debt and deficit limits run the risk of legal action.
Debt Brakes and Treaty Requirements
For additional details and discussion, please see Debt Brakes and Treaty Requirements About to Smash the EU.
Hoot of the Day
To achieve a government debt-to-GDP ratio of 60 percent, EU countries will have to reduce spending or raise taxes by 2 percent of GDP, on average, every year for 46 years.
That also presumes no recessions or other emergencies in that timeframe. And this is supposed to be a serious proposal.
Let’s just say it’s not going to happen. But these clowns are likely to try, if for no other reason than punish Le Pen.
Long Term Fiscal Issues
In addition to the Excessive Debt Proceedings against many countries, every EU county has defense spending issues, climate spending issues, and demographic issues as shown in the following chart.
The above chart is from the ECB report Longer-Term Challenges for Fiscal Policy in the Euro Area
In the future, various longer-term challenges are likely to exert pressure on public finances in the euro area. On top of the existing fiscal burdens – as reflected in the high debt ratios in a number of euro area countries, which were exacerbated by the pandemic and the subsequent energy crisis – there are several important longer-term challenges for fiscal dynamics. This article starts by reviewing some of the most important challenges and discussing their fiscal relevance, with a focus on demographic ageing (Section 2), the end of the “peace dividend” (Section 3), digitalisation (Section 4) and climate change (Section 5). Acknowledging the uncertainties surrounding any quantification of these challenges, Section 6 then presents some tentative – purely indicative – estimates of the additional fiscal effort that could be required to ensure the long-term sustainability of public finances in the presence of such developments. The implications of digitalisation are excluded from that exercise, given the particular uncertainty that surrounds their quantification. Section 7 then provides some concluding remarks.
Hoot of the Day – Far Left Goals
The Front’s programme includes scrapping the 2023 French pension reform law, lowering the retirement age, increasing public sector salaries and welfare benefits, raising the minimum wage by 14 percent, and freezing the price of basic food items and energy.
Price Controls! 14 Percent Wage Hikes! Mercy!!!
In four words, I can describe the actual result of Macron’s “success” at keeping the Right out of power.
France is Now Ungovernable
By refusing to cooperate with the Right, Macron instead has to cooperate with a Far Left plurality described above including Green policy that spawned the Yellow-Vest Protests that rocked Macron for months.
Addendum
Goof luck President. Oh, I almost forgot – Congratulations.
The alleged “Big Loser” is Le Pen who went from 7 seats 2017 to 89 seats in 2022 and now ~140 seats or so in 2023.
This is what we call “The Big Loser”
And Macron is the “big winner”. He went from 249 to 165.
Someone is delusional
https://x.com/MishGEA/status/1810053746916769932
Because it has gained more seats but not more people voting for them which has stagnated at around 33% of the electorate for years now except in the presidential elections where she got the fuck you vote. In the last presidential election Le Pen had 41.5% of the vote and now her party obtained only around 33%. That’s a drop and here the Party is in shock because they were sure they would get much more. Third place is bad no matter which way you turn it.
In many/most countries, there is a pretty big chunk of the eligible electorate who mostly can’t be bothered to get out of bed, or put down the bong, in order to go vote.
They tend to trend “left.” Hence are much more likely to change their habit of sitting it out; if/when then are scared by what looks like anyone described as meaningfully “right” possibly winning.
The same dynamic will very likely surface in other countries in Europe where so called “far right” parties have been making recent huge gains as well: The parties have a fairly easy time up to a point. But then hit a bit of a wall, as their gains scare large, otherwise disengaged, “left” leaning voters to the booths.
Of course, in practice; the practical difference between even the much less compromising OG Le Pen on one side, and Melenchon on the nominal other, is hardly even noticeable. They talk differently, but neither has practical policies that differ much. Both being little more than champions of exactly the same purely destructive “system” that at least a good share of their voters for one silly reason or another project either one will somehow ditch. With enough of a majority, either one of them _may_ have at least threatened to leave NATO. But they sure as heck will never cooperate to get that past Macron, even though they very well could. And besides; I’m sure “buuut, buuut thiiiiiings are diiiiiferent nooooow”, as they always are in the minds of self promoting lightweights.
IOW: Just like Trump vs Biden, Le Pen vs Melenchon is +-5 percent. All while the decline rate vs both China and The West as of some decades ago, is an order of magnitude or more greater…. So it’s down to being beaten 10-0, vs 10-1. Big darned deal….
N It’s true. The media outside France dont talk but it was the The RN who won the popular vote in France last Sunday link to image.noelshack.com
They had 8744080 of votes against 7004725 of woke left
I suppose living here for many years, being fluent in the language and having followed its politics is a reason for someone who has virtually no knowlege of French politics to call me delusional.
Great you are fluent in French.
Try Math
89 to ~140 Le Pen
249 to ~165 Macron
It is beyond delusional to spin this as a victory for Macron
His center splintered very left and very right
But hey, if I need something translated from French (as long as it isn’t math) I know where to turn.
I never said it was a victory for Macron. I said it could have been worse. Go through my posts to check. As for the translation bit, that is beneath you and I won’t comment on that.
How long did it take you to learn French fluently? Being accepted by locals is HUGE in Paris.
We spent some time in the North, Normandy and the locals were SO accepting and beautiful. PLUS, THE FOOD and WINE: WOWZA!
Basically since 1977 when as a new graduate I was working in a former French colony in Africa. Been back of forth over the Atlantic and my wife is French whom I met in 1977 while she was working in Africa also so I had it 24/7. I would say I reached fluency for work around 1980. True fluency where you get the subtleties of the language, culture and especially politics took much longer.
Being fluent in French is a real challenge. I tried. My pronunciation was good, based upon my French Teacher, a French Citizen, who taught me in 6th grade.
But, you have to LIVE there to learn it well. I love the French Language! It is beautiful and incredibly difficult. My throat started to work, kind of! HA!
It is a very pleasant place to live. If you are fluent, it is even better.
Le Pen (& Family) May finally make the splash they have been waiting for. I like their overall chances now and the short term future. Based on how much they can do, and how fast, will determine this I suppose. They have been more liked over the years, and are now seen as a game changer! That is what is desperately need in France, so we shall see,..
The media dont talk but it was the The RN who won the popular vote in France last Sunday https://image.noelshack.com/fichiers/2024/28/1/1720459754-image.png
They had 8744080 of votes against 7004725 of woke left
Absolutely excellent analysis, and clear as a bell. Thank you!
I find this whole thing far to Gaul-ing to waste time on.
“The short answer is the center and left colluded to stop the right, as normally happens.”
It takes a conspiracy. What is the behind the scenes conspiring over whether Biden remains the Democrats candidate?
Please, stop repeating the falsehood that the deficits were worsened by the pandemic. Correctly speaking they were worsened by the stupid response to the pandemic. Best response would have been to carry on just like happened back in the 1968 pandemic where I went to school as normal, went to Sunday church as normal, visited my Nana and Papa as normal and maybe only wore a mask to play cops and robbers.
The flow through effects of the stupid scamdemic will last for a century+ what with the debt burden that will last for generations and the damaged kids who suffered from the loss of schooling and socialisation skills and will be permanently damaged for their entire lives which will have Nth order effects on their children and grandchildren.
Whichever party wins in any country now might just be getting a poisoned chalice if a market collapse and global debt default leads to a major depression.
I am especially concerned about the lost socialization skills of grandfathers.
Right now in the US ‘ungovernable’ isn’t sounding too bad.
Resounding.
Am watching EURO/JPY carry trade. Had a smallish gap down open, a bit of a retrace. Not much else going on at this time.
EURO/USD so far itty bitty weakness.
Currency Markets not very concerned about anything happening in France being meaningful in bigger picture.
Perhaps that will change but not yet.
If France had some clout in Europe it would show up in EURO.
Have expected some sort of Financial crisis to start in Europe for many moons. Never seems to happen even far back when Mario Draghi headed ECB and he never did anything except to talk.
Maybe within France this will turn into something but not much destabilizing effect outside Frances borders.
The French impress me as an electorate more detached from reality than most.
More than 10 years ago I saw an opinion piece that the Greeks have always had a “romantic crush” on communism. Maybe now is the time to be guided by H.L. Mencken, and let the Greeks have that communist system they have always wanted, good and hard.
Now consider whether the French deserve the same.
A very odd way ($$) to remove the EU Countries from the Ukraine/ Russia situation, but effective nonetheless…
Pressure mounting on Turkey’s Leader I see, with some odd circumstances and now changes appear to be coming there as well.
Things that make you go Hmm…
Doesn’t matter… the same men still run the world
“I care not what puppet is placed on the throne of England to rule the Empire, The man that controls Britain’s money supply controls the British Empire. And I control the money supply.” Nathan Rothschild
“Once a nation parts with the control of its currency and credit, it matters not who makes the nation’s laws. Until the control of the issue of currency and credit is restored to government and recognized as its most sacred responsibility, all talk of the sovereignty of parliament and of democracy is idle and futile.” — Mackenzie King, Canadian Prime Minister 1935-1948.
“I am a most unhappy man. I have unwittingly ruined my country. A great industrial nation is controlled by its system of credit. Our system of credit is concentrated. The growth of the nation, therefore, and all our activities are in the hands of a few men. We have come to be one of the worst ruled, one of the most completely controlled and dominated Governments in the civilized world no longer a Government by free opinion, no longer a Government by conviction and the vote of the majority, but a Government by the opinion and duress of a small group of dominant men.” – Woodrow Wilson, after signing the Federal Reserve into existence
“Some of the biggest men in the United States, in the field of commerce and manufacture, are afraid of somebody, are afraid of something. They know that there is a power somewhere so organized, so subtle, so watchful, so interlocked, so complete, so pervasive that they had better not speak above their breath when they speak in condemnation of it.” ― Woodrow Wilson
“The conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses is an important element in democratic society. Those who manipulate this unseen mechanism of society constitute an invisible government which is the true ruling power of our country. …We are governed, our minds are molded, our tastes formed, our ideas suggested, largely by men we have never heard of.” – Edward Bernays – Propaganda
https://fasteddynz.substack.com/p/who-runs-the-world
Bernays is great reading! I studied that in College.
Wilson was a wuss.
Goering was more accurate and succinct.
I was thinking that both in the UK and France, the “winning” parties will rue the day they were voted into power. Both countries, and much of Europe, seem to be on the brink of a generational crises brought on by years of bad policies. The sanctions against Russia over Ukraine seem to be the straw breaking the camel’s back. I expect Labour in the UK and the leftist alliance in France are going to be holding the bag as the financial turmoil tears apart their societies. On a related note, whoever wins in November in the US may be drinking from a poisoned chalice as well. One thing is clear, Labour, the leftists in France, and the Democrat/Republican duopoly in the US are completely unequipped to face fiscal reality.
Read the comments. You all realize I hope that no one knows what tomorrow will bring. So arguing about the future is a waste of time.
Its difficult to make predictions especially about the future.
Nothing more truly said and true and clever.
Things will get worse. Many of the policies that have driven France (and other countries) to near bankruptcy will be even more strongly implemented. Madness and, effectively, economic (and political ?) suicide.
Good riddance.
I know.
But it’s secret.
If I told you I’d have to kill you.
Chicago and Paris are sister cities.
Congratulations!
The EU was created to protect public pensions. I believe the UK wants back in. Expect a snap election on that soon enough.
The Bolshivik Revolution continues.
Got Gold?
In France, far left and far right want retirement age at 60.
Will they vote together? Amusement guaranteed.
No they won’t. Oil and water.
No, guns (Ukraine and provoking Russia) and butter (lower retirement age, wage increases, and prices freezes). Inflation out the wing-wang and an acceleration toward the 6th Republic.
“Subsequent energy crisis” self inflicted due to Macron’s rabid support of the war in Ukraine…
“rabid support of the war in Ukraine”
Macron and the other EU puppets, except Viktor Orban. He’s the only smart one in the group.
Perhaps not the smartest, but possibly the most honest and direct.
First, price freeze, higher wages and lower retirement age. Shortly thereafter inflation, poverty, starvation and then that marvel of French intellect and engineering, the only machine invented which can stop a politician from lying … the guillotine. What goes around, comes around. No one will let the pols eat any cake beforehand.
A man who knows history!
I would not assume that the Republics (left of Le Pen but right of Macron) will vote with Le Pen’s party. They wouldn’t if Macron gives them a couple of ministers and he will. Le Pen’s party is a family-run enterprise that hampers alliances by its nature. Other parties on the Right are very distrustful of them especially now with Marine Maréchal (Le Pen’s niece) as an example. The National Rallye is a loner party.
On the Left which unified for the election we have the Communists, the France Insoumise which is basically Antifa, The Socialist party and the Greens. The Communists have few seats. The Greens have a bit more, the France Insoumise have much more but the Socialist party is the largest in the coalition. It is very instable and the members rarely see eye-to-eye.
Marcon’s center lost a lot but is still large enough to attract moderates on the Left and on the Right. The Center will still be able to form a government.
France has a hybrid presidential-parliamentary system with a strong executive elected by popular vote. It is not a parliamentary system. As president Macron has a wide range of options. He is under no constitutional obligation to change the government now. He could drag the change out as long as he wants until he gets the government he can work with. Macron is working the time element. Also if he wants he can call new elections in a year to throw the dice again.
Make no mistake. There will be turmoil in the parliament because there isn’t a clear majority. Macron will have to build a coalition but the main part of that coalition will be the Center without the Far Left nor the Far Right. The big loser is Le Pen. They came in third place
See pinned comment and get a grip on reality.
Thank you but I do have a good grip on French politics.
now watch reality crush the center-left coalition (the “winners”).
France is headed for much worse/tougher times – not better – and the center-left coalition will deservedly get the blame. the whole of europe is heading into an economic recession/contraction – there is no escaping it – it is a mathematical certainty. europe (and France) committed to de-industrialization & economic dependence decades ago. the reckoning has arrived.
then watch Le Pen’s NR (the “losers”) ascend to an absolute majority in future election cycles.
if you can’t see this inevitability unfolding, then no… you do NOT have a good grip on French politics.
With a straight face you call that a Government?
Let it all burn like the streets or Notre Dame. Get out the yellow vests just in time for the Olympics.
Good point! Ha ha ha!
The Olympics! What a summer we’ll have in gay (old definition) Paris!
Tucker Carlson skewers the Biden administration for 20 minutes.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0OCFoSCiFS8
“As democracy is perfected, the office of president represents, more and more closely, the inner soul of the people. On some great and glorious day, the plain folks of the land will reach their heart’s desire at last, and the White House will be adorned by a downright moron.” H.L. Mencken, On Politics.
https://www.theburningplatform.com/2024/07/07/sunday-funnies-527/
Yup, the US got what it deserved.
And it got it good and hard.
I think you’re wrong. Macron’s party and allies are in the position of “king-maker” and they can pivot any way they choose, with plenty of “cover” provided by the “gridlock” we enjoy with two parties in the US. None of the three main poles has a majority, the LeftGreen and National Rally are extremely unlikely to work with each other, and they have to go to Macron to get anything done. Macron can barter legislation, and pass off ultimate responsibility to the right or the left. He can blame “hard choices” on budget pressure and EU rules/pressure, or lack of “cooperation” from Left or Right. But, the crisis of capitalism continues, and that’s the reality.
What, you think Macron is considering a coalition with LePen?!
If the Left and the Right block parliament from working, they will be blamed and not the Center. In a years’ time Macron could call new elections if they block parliament so the Left and the Right have that Sword of Damocles hanging over them. Will they risk it or will they play ball?
In second place I don’t believe Macron can call new elections. Why would he anyway? The next election is April 2027. What’s the point?
At least one year must have elapsed between the previous parliamentary elections and the dissolution, so no new dissolution until next year.
Yes he can. Why? Maybe in a year we will know.
“they can pivot any way they choose”
Yes, like a weather vane.
This will just quicken the collapse of Europe . . . Margret Thatcher just turned over in her grave . . .
At least, this will quicken the collapse of the EU.
I’m surprised it lasted this long. Francs, liras, and Deutschmarks anyone?
What if Macron’s party choses to go into opposition? Government of technocrats put in place by Macron for next 6 months (just guessing on time frame given by Constitution)? That’s a short-term personal victory for Macron. It looks a bit like Nero fiddling when Rome is burning but 6 months in politics is a long time. It could be even longer – imagine that first Melenchon is asked to create a government, then Attal, then Le Pen. That could take 3 to 6 months. And 6 months on top of that stipulated by Constitution (again, just guesing on these 6 months). And here we go, we have 9 to 12 months for Petit Napoleon to enjoy power of one eyed among blinds.
Go into opposition with Le Pen?
If Constitution allows for technocratic government then there is no Parliament and no opposition. President could appoint lots of people based on proposal of technocratic PM and cement its rule for remaining years. 12 months later there would be new elections. Elections are expensive, Macron’s party will raise money easily from urban rich. Le Pen and Melenchon? Another option – Melenchon forms minority government and has to negotiate every new law with Macron’s party which pretends to be an opposition. If things go wrong and public gets upset – Look, it’s Melenchon’s government, not ours. Third option – Dutch solution. Gert Wilders won but there is coalition government lead by a strange guy from secret services. That would technically be a half-technocratic government half supported by Macron’s party which could again claim plausible deniability when things go wrong. And they will go wrong, we know it both.
This is scary, and I mean a downright fearful time for the western world. The freaks are running the show, the inmates running the asylum. UK, France, and the US all have the left in charge and everywhere that happens turns into a shitshow. California, anyone? What on God’s green earth provokes people to keep voting for proven failure? Rampant crime, taxes, bums everywhere! And this is “progress”? Give me a solid red mayor and legislature anyway. My life is red realityville is far superior to my nutjob friends in delusional blue dystopianville. Oh excuse me, I forgot they are in the process of creating utopia. How could I forget.
It is the inevitable result of socialism paired with creditism (debt-based “capitalism”).
Fiat currency.
Keep them printers printing!
These days it is well over 90% electronic money. The amount of new electronic money created every day is more than the capacity of the note printers to print even if they only printed the highest denominations and ran the presses 24/7.
And as they don’t want the public to hold physical cash they will not print higher denomination notes such as the US $10,000 notes that used to circulate or the 500 Euro note that they are now withdrawing from circulation.
Aristotle is indeed smiling.
Your observations are correct. That is why many people are turning toward self-preservation and preparing for the worse case scenario. They might be the only truly sane ones around.
This comment is not meant to be directed at you, but at a dishonest trend that people use because it has been forced into the common vernacular, and with that said I will proceed to make my detached and general comment………..
There is no “Western World.” The term “Western World” is one of the most trash and duplicitous terms (thought the list of comparable terms is very long) that have been forced upon the world or at least specific citizenry in the current era of the last few decades. The term came to much greater prominence with the events of September 11th, 2001 and it was clear that it was a term to create divide and promote hostility. (Worse still, is once you know the details and conspiratorial events of 9-11, such a term because much more nefarious in hindsight, but even if you believe the Disneyland version story of 9-11, I would still make this comment and it would still have merit.)
There is no Western World! Let me say that again, there is NO WESTERN WORLD. The Western World based on how those in power present it is completely devoid of logic and reason on almost every angle of consideration. It is so disingenuous, cowardly, and two-faced that it’s use should be shamed and should have been pointed out long ago but few have tried it seems.
Let’s start with basic logic, as in the ancient Greek style of true logic, not argumentative logic. The ‘Western World’ does not mean anything because it is not actually in ‘the West’ in any true sense for at least two major reasons. The first reason is that technically, China could be considered the western world if you rotate the globe and 180 degrees and then project it into a two dimensional map that most people use to orient themselves physically on the earth. Japan could also be the western world based on the same physically orientation of the map. There is more merit to distinguishing the northern world and southern world (hemispheres) than there is east or west hemispheres due to the axis of rotation of the Earth. I think this shows how dumb people are, to not notice how such basic things are physically oriented.
A second point that is easy to make about what I am pointing out is that the way the term ‘Western World’ is used that shows how arrogant and two-faced the term is, is that the actual countries that are truly being referred to as the western world do not correspond at all with such a simplistic and divisive term. It would be more justifiable if the term was simply ‘Western European Nations,’ but that is not how the term is used. The western world is double-speak for The United States of America, Canada, Great Britain, France, Germany, Australia, and also could be expanded on a more mediocre level to countries such as Spain, Switzerland, Italy, Sweden, Norway, etc, but those are not the countries that are what the policy makers and term users are really genuinely focusing on or part of.
The term “Western World” is a term of arrogance, hostility, division creation, targeting, and war propaganda.
To think that The United States, Britain, and France speak for all that is good and true on this Earth reeks of drunken self-indulgent blindness and peaked-out societies that have entered into a decline while still having many memorable aspects of greatness.
The most disturbing thing about the use of such a term is it’s true purpose of reinforcing physical violence and subjugation through war and any lesser means. The term was heavily used to denigrate the people of the middle east and project onto them the image of barbaric terrorists when it is the european civilizations that have displayed the most aspects of terrorism, based on the real definition of terrorism, in their modern and post Roman time periods.
With the shifting focus of who to target next in our society’s endless dependence on war and destruction of those who don’t act to our accord, it didn’t take much to reorient the term towards referring to China and it’s affiliations.
I find the term cowardly because they can’t come out and say what they are about.
The ‘Western World’ is nothing but the Freemasonic Empire, largely led by Great Britain, the United States, and France. The other nations of the Western World are their foot stools (their ottomans so to speak), their compliant subjects and willing followers.
It’s a them versus us mentality type of talk, and the truth is, the western world represents a small fraction of the people on this earth physically, and a small fraction of human history, philosophy, religion, culture, and thinking. If the term is based on superiority and merited based on being the best of the best, that would make the term seem arrogant but at least justifiable. Such thinking can only exist in fact due to self-indulgent viewpoints that lack understanding outside one’s own small realm of existence. The history of the world, the knowledge of other modern and past civilizations is rich, other religions have exceeded those of the Western World in sophistication, and much of the science and philosophy of the Western World, it’s peak claims of grandeur and accomplishment, are founded in those that are not at all derived from the Western World.
The Egyptians, Greeks, Persians, Arabs, Hindu (Indian), Central Asians (diverse mix), Chinese, Japanese, they alone, without even considering others which there are others to consider, outdid much of what the Western World has accomplished and contributed to the human existence. Those that disagree are probably ignorant and that is a harsh statement and I recognize it. The source of most science and medicine in Europe specifically came from the Egyptians, the Persians, the Arabs, and the Greeks, who all successively built on the works of each other. Europe was living in the dark ages, the people were diseased and dirty, and ignorant when the Middle East, North Africa, India, and China had real knowledge, real science, and real medicine.
It’s time for the self worshipers to be about what they claim………true knowledge through true strength and study of history, science, medicine, and philosophy…………and not a superior form of terrorism (CIA, MI6, Mossad). It’s time to join the Western World. Put down the arrogance. Give up on the fantasy version of history. It’s time to learn to use a map, look at a globe, and learn some history of the world and the lineage of human civilizations, migrations, and evolution of knowledge.
TL:DR
.
URADA
Democracy sows the seeds of its demise. You can vote yourself other people’s money for as long as the money lasts. Are we nearing the end?