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What Reasons Do the Unemployed Give for Turning Down a Job?

Axios reports about 1.8 million out-of-work Americans have turned down jobs because of the generosity of unemployment insurance benefits, according to Morning Consult poll results released Wednesday.

By the numbers: Morning Consult surveyed 5,000 U.S. adults from June 22-25, 2021.

  • Of those actively collecting unemployment benefits, 29% said they turned down job offers during the pandemic. In response to a follow-up question, 45% of that group said they turned down jobs specifically because of the generosity of the benefits.
  • Extrapolating from the 14.1 million adults collecting benefits as of June 19, Morning Consult concluded that 1.8 million people turned down job offers because of the benefits.

Expiring Unemployment Insurance Could Add Up to Nearly 2 Million Jobs This Year

Morning Consult reports Expiring Unemployment Insurance Could Add Up to Nearly 2 Million Jobs This Year

Most workers receiving unemployment insurance know that their benefits are about to expire, signaling that job acceptance and search practices are likely to change even before benefits actually expire. As of late June, 32% of UI recipients indicated that their benefits expired within a month, and an additional 37% said that their benefits would expire between one to two months. Taken together, 69% of all UI recipients believe and acknowledge that their benefits will expire by the end of August.

Similarly, 35% of all UI recipients feel a lot of pressure to find work, with those whose benefits are closer to expiring were more likely to feel a lot of pressure to find a job. Forty percent of those whose benefits expire within a month indicate that they feel a lot of pressure to find a job, compared to only 25% of respondents whose benefits expire over three months into the future.

This estimate of the impact of expiring unemployment benefits on job creation is broadly consistent with the share of surveyed UI recipients who plan on returning to look for work by the end of the year. While not as precise, roughly 85% of UI recipients who are not employed and not looking for work signal that they do not expect the barriers to looking for work to continue beyond the end of year, translating to an increase in the civilian labor force of 2.14 million workers by the end of the year.

Better Off Employed?

I am a bit skeptical of this poll in general.

How many people will be reluctant to admit they gamed the system?

If the poll extrapolates to 1.8 million out-of-work Americans have turned down jobs because of the generosity of unemployment insurance benefits, what’s the real number?

That 56% say they were better off before is easier to believe. But I suspect some of that is the sheer stress of it all. If anything, I would have expected that number to be higher. 

Looking Ahead

Morning Consult estimates an increase in the civilian labor force of 2.14 million workers by the end of the year.

I expect much higher. 

Employment will rise but if more people start looking than finding jobs, so will the unemployment rate. 

That’s not a given however. 

How many millions of people at retirement age will stop looking and thus drop off the unemployment rolls once the only job possibility is McDonald’s.

The competing forces are retirement, really looking for a job, and willingness to take any job.

We will have a far better handle on these questions in the report for August (on September 3), and the report for October (on November 5).

Meanwhile ….

The Fed is hell bent still on raising inflation despite the fact that 56% of those unemployed say they were better off before.

Does that portend for a strengthening recovery? I think not. 

For discussion of the inflation and wage aspect, please see Economic Nonsense is Extremely Well Anchored in Fantasyland, and Not Just at the Fed.

Addendum

A reader stated I was spreading “fake news” another said 13% is insignificant.  Strongly disagree.

It’s 36% minimum dependent on unemployment insurance to be turning down jobs. 

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33 Comments
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jiminy
jiminy
5 years ago
Years ago, I bought a game called the “capital punishment game”. The board consisted of a circular tract with increasingly smaller circles.  The objective was to get to the middle of the board where other people are paying you, the outside tracts of the circle were the suckers paying for the people in the center.  Defense contractors, politicians and government workers with no show jobs inhabited the center.   My brother in law inhabits the center, he feasts on government services and pays no taxes.
Call_Me
Call_Me
5 years ago
The poll is stated to have surveyed 5000 people, of which 463 were currently collecting unemployment benefits.  Of that group, 13% indicated that the received enough money to cover their expenses.  That is a cool 60 people whose response is considered a representative and proportional fraction of the national cohort on unemployment – certainly a conclusion worth questioning.
It should be noted that the first graph implies some individuals gave multiple answers since the percentages total more than 100%.
Webej
Webej
5 years ago
  • The first chart (yellow highlites) doesn’t support the numbers in the sequel very well.
  • I remain highly dubious of claims that all the dislocation will resolve itself if only more economic pain is exerted on people.
    I think there are a lot of moving parts to the situation.
  • Dovetails too well with prior ideological hobby horses and makes me suspicious.
    (All economic data numbers are highly slanted and untrustworthy to start with.)
whirlaway
whirlaway
5 years ago
Reply to  Webej
“I remain highly dubious of claims that all the dislocation will resolve itself if only more economic pain is exerted on people.”

Yeah, it is their age-old mantra:  “To make the rich work harder, cut their taxes.   To make the poor work harder, cut their benefits and their wages.”  So, what’s new?

Mish
Mish
5 years ago
Fake News?
Hardly, It’s 36% minimum dependent on unemployment insurance to not take a job.
ILHawk
ILHawk
5 years ago
Reply to  Mish
It just sounds a lot like all the bitching about social welfare and medical programs as being the biggest problem while bankers and others make out like bandits.  Also all the “conservatives” bitching about socialism as they drive up and down roads they could never begin to pay their fair share on and so on.  You looked skin deep on a problem that is deeply internal.  Are there some?  Of course, but it’s hardly at the core.   Also like blaming blacks for black problems (OK it’s deserved) without looking at the programs and problems that got us into this mess.
whirlaway
whirlaway
5 years ago
Reply to  ILHawk

They are perfectly fine with socialism for the rich, even when into runs into trillions of dollars.Another bogus stand of theirs is their supposed antiwar ideology.   They don’t risk even showing up to protest.  It is always the so-called “hippies” that get beaten at antiwar protests.

njbr
njbr
5 years ago
The greatest continuing age-group with fewer jobs are the over 65 and the under 25 demographics–about down 10% each in total jobs… 
ILHawk
ILHawk
5 years ago
It’s fake news pandering to a certain crowd.  13 percent is not a major consideration and likely the statistical significance is +- 5 percent so it could be as low as 8 percent.  Out of that, staying at home is cheaper than paying transportation and child care, so it really isn’t news.  The bigger issue is that businesses really don’t want to pay.  We bail out farmers like mad and needlessly and we want to bitch about low wage earners.
davebarnes2
davebarnes2
5 years ago
Reply to  ILHawk
My thought exactly. N=465.
whirlaway
whirlaway
5 years ago
Reply to  ILHawk
I agree but note that the farmers’ bailout pales in comparison to what the bankers have got.   Literally in the trillions of dollars.   
ILHawk
ILHawk
5 years ago
Reply to  whirlaway
I know that but many on here don’t seem to care about it, so I went to farmers, most of which don’t need the subsidy and already have a huge benefit by the lack of pressure, incentive to ever sell land.
whirlaway
whirlaway
5 years ago
Reply to  ILHawk
Many on here don’t care about the bankers’ bailouts.  Yes, that’s correct.   But of course, they make the obligatory noises about it.   It is when they deal with Americans in poverty that their real true brave self comes out 😉
Eddie_T
Eddie_T
5 years ago
OT…a link to what I think is a very cogent podcast on the way ESG’s and the carbon credit market will affect the energy sector…..call it “Climate Change Investing 101”.  Marin Katusa.  FYI.
Dr. Manhattan23
Dr. Manhattan23
5 years ago
Let’s see. Only 13% and extrapolate to 1.8 million people. There are far more jobs available, and there are far more reasons outside of the benefits that people list as the reason for not going back to work. One of the big issues, like I have always said, is that employers might not be paying enough with inflation running rampant. If you cant pay enough, maybe your business model needs to change. It’s not the same market as it was 1.5 years ago yet some employers are expecting to pay the same. I think that some portion of the problem will be solved once benefits run out, but in my opinion, there are far more reasons that may not be fully illuminated just yet. How many people want to be a waiter/bartender, hospitality created the most jobs last time around
White collar employers have different delusions at times. They want a 100% match from their ATS and they want 10+ years of experience at analyst level compensation. lol. Good luck. I read an article the other day saying how investment banks were having trouble finding qualified candidates as a result of tech pulling more of the talent pool and experienced workers not willing to work for lower pay. The result has been to increase analyst pay, but that wont fix your long term problem
If I remember, there was an article on here that clearly showed that real wages fell 11 out of the last 14 months. That would be a big factor in employment 
 
conservativeprof
conservativeprof
5 years ago
Your comments about low wage workers do not align with business reality. You seem to blame employers for low compensation. Many employers of low wage workers have little to no pricing power. The competition level in the industry is very high and often goods/services are discretionary spending. The marginal value of low wage work does not justify higher compensation. If compensation increases substantially many businesses will close. Then consumers will face much higher prices and limited choices. The restaurant industry is hyper competitive, labor intensive, capital intensive, and regulation intensive. The typical restaurant has a very small profit margin. The typical restaurant cannot afford to double employee compensation. If you ran a restaurant, you could not afford it either. The same situation exists for many other small business areas.
TechLover1
TechLover1
5 years ago
Currently the numbers work out for paying higher at the low wage jobs for many employers because of PPP and ERC. This is of course having an upward pressure on low wage jobs which I believe is good for the society and economy overall.
I suspect the ERC or something similar may be extended. This may well be a good policy overall as it encourages higher minimum wage from employers and incentivizes people to work.
whirlaway
whirlaway
5 years ago
Price inflation is so high and wages are so low that some people are experiencing negative cash flow.   After paying for gas/bus/train, lunch and daycare, you could find that not working is a better option.   
Zardoz
Zardoz
5 years ago
Reply to  whirlaway
Plus you now have time for an all cash side gig.
KidHorn
KidHorn
5 years ago
Reply to  whirlaway
So, unemployed people don’t each lunch? And have mass transit costs gone up? I haven’t heard that. Have day care costs gone up?
whirlaway
whirlaway
5 years ago

“tied for the highest reason.”And right below that, in literally the very next line, there is a chart showing a reason that is higher!

Zardoz
Zardoz
5 years ago
Reply to  whirlaway
I’m starting to think that maybe the rubber has left the road around here….
thimk
thimk
5 years ago
Sooner the better , waited 1 hour for my food at a local sports bar . Signs for restaurant cooks everywhere . Biden way over did the stimmies ( of which a large protion was siphoned off via national and international fraud. I think USA boosted the GDP of Nigeria). These fledgling mom and pop restaurants just can’t seen to regain their pre covid momentum.
KidHorn
KidHorn
5 years ago
Pretty much everything on the list would become more tenable once their benefits dry up. And I think “I was not given enough money to return to work” is identical to “I receive enough money from unemployment insurance without having to work”.
whirlaway
whirlaway
5 years ago
Reply to  KidHorn
No, it is not.   If wages are too low, then they cannot even pay for gas/commute, lunch and daycare expenses, all of which have skyrocketed over the past few years.   The reason for not taking up a job in such circumstances has nothing to do with whether or not there is a UBI.
TechLover1
TechLover1
5 years ago
Reply to  whirlaway
In many states there is an optimum low wage where one can maximize all sorts of benefits from TANF, section 8, earned income tax credits, medicaid and a host of other benefits.
Zero wage is definitely not the optimum for most poor people. This is why people do these low wage jobs.
They are not the smartest of folks but they know very well what they need to earn to have the most benefit. I employ some of them and they won’t take an increase in hours because they will lose a bunch of benefits and getting back on these benefits has a lot of beaurocracy and wait time.
These extended and additional unemployment benefits have the skewed the overall picture at the minimum wage level in completely unexpected ways.
Once these UI benefits expire in September, there will be a lot of chaos at the lowest wage level but it will settle in an equilibrium like prior to pandemic in terms of people settling in their optimized earning and benefits. It will take a while to get there though. I expect three to six months.
I assure you that most of the people at minimum wage level are extremely familiar with the benefit structures and its associated rules and how long the process takes etc.
One new force in this final equilibrium will be the new monthly child credits. This will definitely skew the prior equilibrium and I am waiting to see the final picture. I expect to have more clarity in the next three months based on what I see in states where the PUA was discuntinued on June 26. I speak to small business owners weekly in these states to figure out what is the current status of job applications and hiring.
njbr
njbr
5 years ago
Reply to  TechLover1
…They are not the smartest of folks but they know very well what they need to earn to have the most benefit. I employ some of them and they won’t take an increase in hours because they will lose a bunch of benefits and getting back on these benefits has a lot of beaurocracy and wait time….
Are you Mr. Walmart?
KidHorn
KidHorn
5 years ago
Reply to  whirlaway
So, you’re logic is “Unless I make enough to cover all my expenses, I won’t have any income”. Makes total sense.
You do realize a lot of people have unpaid credit card debt and have a job, so clearly many people choose to work even though it doesn’t cover all their expenses.
Blurtman
Blurtman
5 years ago
Mish, once again you are spreading FAKE NEWS.  Jen Psaki said ‘We don’t see much evidence that the extra unemployment insurance is a major driver in people not rejoining the workforce’.
Zardoz
Zardoz
5 years ago
Reply to  Blurtman
We?  Her and the frog in her pocket?  The royal We?  Who is this we?
Mish
Mish
5 years ago
Reply to  Blurtman
It amazes me how little people can think sometimes. 
Add the 13% who get enough money from unemployment to the 12% who say “not enough money to return” 
Guess what – you are now at 25%
What about “not in my desired area”? That’s another 11% hopers who will likely have to take something when benefits end. 
Now we are at 36%. What else am I missing that needs to be lumped in?
whirlaway
whirlaway
5 years ago
Reply to  Mish
Add all the numbers and you get to 100%.  What’s the fricking point?!    “Not enough money to return” is not necessarily the same as “getting enough money from unemployment”.    Costs have gone up so much that earnings will be net negative in many cases. 
Call_Me
Call_Me
5 years ago
Reply to  Mish
The percentages in the first graph add up to 136.7%, implying there were individuals who responded affirmative to multiple questions.  That is clear in Morning Consult’s post, which has a header that states – “To what extent are each of the following a major reason…”

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